A triadic teaching and learning model for interpretation in the era of artificial intelligence
Published: August 2, 2026
doi:10.62831/202608040
Abstract
This study develops and empirically evaluates the effectiveness of a triadic teaching model - “Instructor-led, AI-supported, Student-autonomous” - implemented with a sample of 242 third-year Chinese language students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Foreign Languages - Information Technology (HUFLIT). Grounded in the theoretical frameworks of cognitive enhancement, desirable difficulty, and digital space separation, the analysis demonstrates that the model yields consistent improvements in academic performance across all participants. Moreover, it functions as an effective cognitive scaffold for students with weaker initial proficiency, supporting differentiated learning outcomes and highlighting its potential to underpin a sustainable, symbiotic learning ecosystem.
Bjork R. A. (1994). Memory and metamemory considerations in the training of human beings. Metacognition: Knowing about knowing, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 185-205.
2.
Kapu M. (2008). Productive failure. Cognition and Instruction, 26(3), 379-424.
3.
Pyae A. (2024). The Human-AI Handshake Framework: A Bidirectional Approach to Human-AI Collaboration. Proceedings of the Forty-Fifth International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2024), Bangkok, Thailand.
4.
Varghese N. N., Jose B., Bindhumol T., Cleetus A., & Nair S. B. (2025). The power duo: Unleashing cognitive potential through human-AI synergy in STEM and non-STEM education. Frontiers in Education, 10, 1534582.
5.
Yiğit M. F. (2025). The silent skill erosion: Cognitive offloading in the age of educational AI. Theoretical and Applied Research in Educational Sciences, Duvar, İzmir, 32-43.
6.
Yu J., & Liu K. (2024).Reshaping Translation Studies: Paradigm Shifts and Future Directions in the Age of AI Technology. Journal of Foreign Languages, 47(4), 72-81.
7.
Zhang J., & Doherty S. (2025). Investigating novice translation students’ AI literacy in translation education. Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 19(3-4), 234-253.