Legal compliance challenges of peer-to-peer lending sandbox in Vietnam: Insights from compliance theory and international experience

Abstract

Peer-to-peer lending (P2P lending) in Vietnam has experienced rapid growth, with market size reaching USD 578.44 million in 2022 and an estimated compound annual growth rate of 20.3% during 2023–2029. Decree No. 94/2025/ND-CP establishes the first regulatory sandbox for this sector, creating a framework for voluntary legal compliance and promoting financial inclusion. Applying compliance theory (May, 2004) and comparing international models, this study evaluates the extent to which the decree facilitates enterprise compliance in the P2P lending sandbox and proposes recommendations to enhance effective regulatory compliance in fintech.
Keywords
peer-to-peer lending sandbox compliance theory Decree No. 94/2025/ND-CP fintech Vietnam

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