Digital transformation in the export - import activities of Vietnamese SMEs: Current status and proposed solutions

Digital transformation is essential for improving the competitiveness of enterprises engaged in export - import activities. This study examines digital transformation among Vietnamese small and medium-sized enterprises using qualitative research and secondary data analysis. Although many SMEs have begun applying digital technologies to customs procedures, payments, order management, and cross-border e-commerce, implementation remains constrained by inadequate strategies, limited financial resources, shortages of digitally skilled personnel, weak technological infrastructure, and an incomplete legal framework. Notably, 48.8% of surveyed enterprises discontinued digital solutions after the pilot stage. The study proposes coordinated solutions involving government agencies, enterprises, and educational institutions to improve institutional support, develop digital capabilities, strengthen cybersecurity, modernize training programs, and promote digital supply-chain integration. These measures can improve export - import performance and enhance the international competitiveness of Vietnamese SMEs.