Smart and sustainable supply chains in Vietnam: Institutional reform and logistics modernization toward 2035

This study examines the interrelationships among institutional reform, industrial policy, logistics modernization, and digital transformation in strengthening Vietnam’s supply chain capabilities during 2025 - 2026, with a strategic orientation toward 2035. The research combines policy analysis with descriptive statistics drawn from official sources and international indicators. The findings show continued expansion in manufacturing and trade: gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 8.02% in 2025; the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) increased by 11.4% in the first seven months of 2026; and total import-export turnover reached USD 659.58 billion. However, the trade deficit stood at USD 20.52 billion, the foreign-invested sector accounted for 80.1% of export turnover, and logistics costs were estimated at approximately 16 - 17% of GDP. The study proposes five groups of solutions: strengthening interregional logistics coordination; accelerating green and digital transformation; enhancing the capabilities of domestic enterprises and their linkages with FDI firms; developing human resources through cooperation among research institutes, universities, and enterprises; and improving logistics data systems and forecasting capacity. The study distinguishes between descriptive evidence, expected impact mechanisms, and policy recommendations.