Applications of artificial intelligence in the digital economy: Roles and challenges

This study examines the roles, current applications, and challenges of artificial intelligence in Vietnam’s digital economy. Using document analysis, synthesis, and secondary data, the study evaluates AI adoption in finance, e-commerce, logistics, and digital services. The findings show that AI contributes to productivity improvement, data-driven decision-making, innovation, and enhanced user experiences. Vietnam has achieved positive progress through expanding digital infrastructure and supportive transformation policies. However, adoption remains uneven across industries, localities, and enterprises, particularly among small and medium-sized firms. Major barriers include inadequate data infrastructure, shortages of highly skilled personnel, an incomplete legal framework, cybersecurity risks, ethical concerns, labor-market disruption, and the digital divide. The study recommends a human-centered approach that strengthens domestic technological capabilities and develops appropriate AI governance mechanisms.