Commercialization of scientific research in Vietnam: Current status, challenges, and policy implications

The commercialization of scientific research is widely recognized as a critical driver of innovation and the development of a knowledge-based economy. In Vietnam, however, a substantial gap persists between research outputs and their practical application in industry and business. This article examines the current state of research commercialization in Vietnam and identifies the principal barriers to effective technology transfer. The analysis reveals that limitations in policy and regulatory frameworks, insufficient and fragmented funding mechanisms, and weak linkages among research institutes, universities, and enterprises significantly impede the translation of research outcomes into marketable products and services. These constraints collectively undermine the efficiency of the national innovation system and limit the socio-economic returns on public investment in science and technology. Drawing on these findings, the article advances several directions for enhancing the commercialization process and strengthening Vietnam’s broader innovation ecosystem.