Digital transformation and artificial intelligence in education: Implications for modern governance

Tóm tắt

Digital technology is rapidly transforming higher education, reshaping how universities deliver teaching, conduct research, and manage institutional operations. Artificial intelligence (AI) and smart technologies play a central role in this transformation by improving efficiency, supporting data-driven decision-making, and strengthening accountability. This study examines the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption of AI and smart technologies in higher education governance. The findings indicate that these technologies offer significant benefits, including more effective strategic planning, better resource allocation, and greater transparency in institutional management. However, their implementation also presents several risks, such as digital inequality, ethical concerns, privacy issues, and algorithmic bias. To address these challenges, the study emphasizes the need for clear governance frameworks, improved digital infrastructure, and continuous evaluation to ensure the responsible and effective use of AI and smart technologies in higher education.

Từ khóa
artificial intelligence digital transformation higher education governance smart technology

Tài liệu tham khảo

1.
Alammary, A. S. (2024). Building a sustainable digital infrastructure for higher education: A blockchain-based solution for cross-institutional enrollment. Sustainability, 17(1), Article 194. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17010194
2.
Ali, M. G. (2025). Artificial intelligence in higher education: Benefits and risks. Online Submission. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED672516.pdf
3.
Barrett, S. A., & Williams-Shakespeare, E. S. (2024). A study of digitalization of higher education institutions in the Caribbean. Journal of Comparative and International Higher Education, 16(2), 117–126.
4.
Chan, C. K. Y. (2023). A comprehensive AI policy education framework for university teaching and learning. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1), Article 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00408-3
5.
Chan, C. K. Y., & Tsi, L. H. (2023). The AI revolution in education: Will AI replace or assist teachers in higher education? arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2305.01185
6.
Crompton, H., & Burke, D. (2023). Artificial intelligence in higher education: The state of the field. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1), Article 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00392-8
7.
Diaz-Garcia, V., Montero-Navarro, A., Rodríguez-Sánchez, J. L., & Gallego-Losada, R. (2022). Digitalization and digital transformation in higher education: A bibliometric analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 1081595. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1081595
8.
Dudycz, H., Hernes, M., Kes, Z., Mercier-Laurent, E., Nita, B., Nowosielski, K., ... & Wojtkiewicz, K. (2021). A conceptual framework of intelligent management control system for higher education. In IFIP International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence for Knowledge Management (pp. 35–47). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80847-1_3
9.
Facer, K., & Selwyn, N. (2021). Digital technology and the futures of education: Towards “non-stupid” optimism. UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000377071
10.
Fernández, A., Gómez, B., Binjaku, K., & Meçe, E. K. (2023). Digital transformation initiatives in higher education institutions: A multivocal literature review. Education and Information Technologies, 28(10), 12351–12382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0
11.
Florea, D., & Florea, S. (2020). Big data and the ethical implications of data privacy in higher education research. Sustainability, 12(20), Article 8744. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208744
12.
Komljenovic, J., Birch, K., Sellar, S., Bergviken Rensfeldt, A., Deville, J., Eaton, C., ... & Williamson, B. (2025). Digitalised higher education: Key developments, questions, and concerns. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 46(2), 276–292. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2024.2408397
13.
Lê, A. V., & T. M. N. (2024). Tác động của trí tuệ nhân tạo (AI) đối với hệ thống giáo dục toàn cầu và giáo dục Việt Nam [Impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the global education system and Vietnamese education]. Tạp chí Khoa học Giáo dục Việt Nam, 20(5), 1–11.
14.
Li, Y., Tolosa, L., Rivas-Echeverria, F., & Marquez, R. (2025). Integrating AI in education: Navigating UNESCO global guidelines, emerging trends, and its intersection with sustainable development goals. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2025-wz4n9
15.
Ocen, S., Elasu, J., Aarakit, S. M., & Olupot, C. (2025). Artificial intelligence in higher education institutions: Review of innovations, opportunities and challenges. Frontiers in Education, 10, Article 1530247. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1530247
16.
Oncioiu, I., & Bularca, A. R. (2025). Artificial intelligence governance in higher education: The role of knowledge-based strategies in fostering legal awareness and ethical artificial intelligence literacy. Societies, 15(6), Article 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15060144
17.
Pombo, L., Morais, N. S., Batista, J., Pinto, M., Coelho, D., & Moreira, A. (2016). The use of communication technologies in higher education in Portugal: Best practices and future trends. In ICT in education: Multiple and inclusive perspectives (pp. 1–20). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22900-3_1
18.
Saúde, S., Barros, J. P., & Almeida, I. (2024). Impacts of generative artificial intelligence in higher education: Research trends and students’ perceptions. Social Sciences, 13(8), Article 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13080410
19.
Selvaratnam, R., & Venaruzzo, L. (2024). Human-centered approach to the governance of AI in higher education: Principles of international practice. Journal of Ethics in Higher Education, 5, 79–102. https://doi.org/10.26034/fr.jehe.2024.6864
20.
Shwedeh, F., Salloum, S. A., Aburayya, A., Fatin, B., Elbadawi, M. A., Al Ghurabli, Z., & Al Dabbagh, T. (2024). AI adoption and educational sustainability in higher education in the UAE. In Artificial intelligence in education: The power and dangers of ChatGPT in the classroom (pp. 201–229). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52280-2_14
21.
Tuan Sulaiman, T. F., & Abdul Ghadas, Z. A. (2021). Corporate governance models for higher educational institutions: An analysis. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 29(S2). https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.29.s2.11
22.
Wu, C., Zhang, H., & Carroll, J. M. (2024). AI governance in higher education: Case studies of guidance at Big Ten universities. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.02017
23.
Yusuf, A., Pervin, N., & Román-González, M. (2024). Generative AI and the future of higher education: A threat to academic integrity or reformation? Evidence from multicultural perspectives. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 21(1), Article 21.
24.
Zhang, X. (2018). Frugal innovation and the digital divide: Developing an extended model of the diffusion of innovations. International Journal of Innovation Studies, 2(2), 53–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijis.2018.06.001