Healthcare policy in Ho Chi Minh City: Theoretical foundations, current practice, and recommendations for improvement

This study analyzes the theoretical and practical foundations of healthcare policy in Ho Chi Minh City in the new development context. Using analytical and synthesis methods, it examines major policy challenges, including hospital overcrowding, uneven service capacity across localities, pressure on primary healthcare, workforce shortages, unequal access to services, and increasing demands for quality and fairness. The findings indicate that healthcare policy should be integrated into the city’s broader sustainable development strategy. The study recommends strengthening preventive and primary healthcare, improving urban health governance, developing human resources, promoting digital health and electronic health records, enhancing coordination between public and private providers, and ensuring equitable access for vulnerable groups. These measures are intended to improve policy effectiveness and support a modern, inclusive, and sustainable healthcare system.