Solutions to reduce the stress of medical staff in Ho Chi Minh City

Abstract

This study evaluates the current work motivation and some factors affecting the stress of medical staff in Ho Chi Minh City. The study’s data is collected from 359 respondents working at medical facilities in Ho Chi Minh City. The findings show that there are 4 factors that have a positive impact on the stress of medical staff, namely "superior pressure", "income pressure", "time pressure", and "work pressure". The study’s results also show that the two factors including "co-workers relationship" and "welfare" have a negative relationship with the stress of medical staff. The study’s results show that there are differences in work stress of age groups, education, seniority, and job position. From the study’s results, some practical solutions and managerial recommendations are proposed to reduce the stress among medical staff in Ho Chi Minh City, contributing to developing an efficient compensation policy for medical staff in the city and across the country.
Keywords
stress pressure work superiors time income co-worker relationship working environment welfare

References

1.
Alderfer Clayton P. (1972). Existence, relatedness, and growth: Human needs in organizational settings. USA: Academic Press.
2.
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411.
3.
Beehr, T. A., & Newman, J. E. (1978). Job stress, employee health, and organizational effectiveness: A facet analysis, model, and literature review 1. Personnel Psychology, 31(4), 665-699.
4.
Boella, M., & Goss-Turner, S. (2013). Human resource management in the hospitality industry: A guide to best practice. UK: Routledge.
5.
Choudhury, A. (2010). Cronbach’s Alpha. Experiment Resources.
6.
David McCelland. (1961). Achieving society (Vol. 92051). USA: Simon and Schuster.
7.
Dung, T. K., & Tâm, T. T. T. (2012). Đo lường mức độ căng thẳng đối với công việc của viên chức trong các trường đại học. Tạp chí Phát triển kinh tế, 262, 38-45.
8.
El-Jardali, F., Dumit, N., Jamal, D., & Mouro, G. (2008). Migration of Lebanese nurses: a questionnaire survey and secondary data analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(10), 1490-1500.
9.
Elegido, J. M. (2013). Does it make sense to be a loyal employee? Journal of Business Ethics, 116(3), 495-511.
10.
Eum, K.-D., Li, J., Jhun, H.-J., Park, J.-T., Tak, S.-W., Karasek, R., & Cho, S.-I. (2007). Psychometric properties of the Korean version of the job content questionnaire: Data from health care workers. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 80(6), 497-504.
11.
Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1974). The Job Diagnostic Survey: An instrument for the diagnosis of jobs and the evaluation of job redesign projects. [Online] Availabile at https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED099580.pdf
12.
Jamal, M. (2005). Personal and organizational outcomes related to job stress and Type-A behavior: A study of Canadian and Chinese employees. Stress and Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 21(2), 129-137.
13.
Kumar, D. N. S. S. (2012). DNS & Shekhar, N. (2012) Perspectives Envisaging Employee Loyalty. Journal of Management Research, 12(2), 100-112.
14.
Lee, H., Myung, W., Lee, C., Choi, J., Kim, H., Carroll, B. J., & Kim, D. K. (2018). Clinical epidemiology of long-term suicide risk in a nationwide population-based cohort study in South Korea. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 100, 47-55.
15.
Lihm, H.-S., Park, S.-H., Gong, E.-H., Choi, J.-S., & Kim, J.-W. (2012). Relationship between occupational stress and gastric disease in male workers. Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 33(5), 311.
16.
Lưu Thị Thùy Dương. (2013). Nghiên cứu về căng thẳng trong công việc và kết quả công việc của nhân viên kinh doanh tại TP. HCM. Luận văn Thạc sỹ, Trường Đại học Kinh tế TP. Hồ Chí Minh.
17.
Mathur, G., Vigg, S., Sandhar, S., & Holani, U. (2007). Stress as a correlate of job performance: a study of manufacturing organizations. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 4(2), 79-85.
18.
Nguyễn Nhật Tân. (2018). Đánh giá sự hài lòng của nhân viên đối với công việc tại Công ty Cổ phần Xây dựng điện Việt Nam. Luận văn Thạc sỹ, Trường Đại học Kinh tế, Đại học Đà Nẵng.
19.
Nguyễn Quốc Nghi. (2018). Tác động của stress công việc đến kết quả công việc của nhân viên ngân hàng. Tạp chí Khoa học và Đào tạo ngân hàng, 194, 47-54.
20.
Nguyễn Thảo Nguyên. (2020). Mối quan hệ giữa căng thẳng trong công việc và hiệu suất công việc, động lực làm việc. Tạp chí Khoa học - Đại học Yersin, 5(1), 36-48.
21.
OECD. (2021). Number of medical doctors and nurses. [Online] Availabile at https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/en/data-insights/number-of-medical-doctors-and-nurses.
22.
Perrewé, P. L., & Zellars, K. L. (1999). An examination of attributions and emotions in the transactional approach to the organizational stress process. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(5).
23.
Pierce, C. M. (1988). Stress in the workplace. Black Families in Crisis: The Middle Class, 27-34.
24.
Robbins, S. P. (2005). Motivation: Concepts to application. Managing and Organizing People, C. University Ed. Boston: Pearson, 163-193.
25.
Sara, J. D., Prasad, M., Eleid, M. F., Zhang, M., Widmer, R. J., & Lerman, A. (2018). Association between Work-Related stress and coronary heart disease: a review of prospective studies through the job strain, Effort-Reward balance, and organizational justice models. Journal of the American Heart Association, 7(9), e008073.
26.
Siu, O.-L., Hui, C. H., Phillips, D. R., Lin, L., Wong, T., & Shi, K. (2009). A study of resiliency among Chinese health care workers: Capacity to cope with workplace stress. Journal of Research in Personality, 43(5), 770-776.
27.
Skirrow, P., & Hatton, C. (2007). Burnout amongst direct care workers in services for adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review of research findings and initial normative data. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 20(2), 131-144.
28.
Smith, P. C., Kendall, L. M., & Hulin, C. (1969). The measurement of satisfaction in work and behavior. Chicago: Raud McNally.
29.
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes, and consequences (Vol. 3). USA: Sage.
30.
Trần Thị Kim Dung. (2005). Nhu cầu, sự thỏa mãn của nhân viên và mức độ gắn kết đối với tổ chức. Đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học, Trường Đại học Kinh tế TP. Hồ Chí Minh.
31.
Trần Xuân Cầu và Mai Quốc Chánh. (2008). Giáo trình Kinh tế nguồn nhân lực. Hà Nội: NXB Đại học Kinh tế quốc dân.
32.
Weiss, D. J., Dawis, R. V, & England, G. W. (1967). Manual for the Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire. [Online] Availabile at https://vpr.psych.umn.edu/sites/vpr.umn.edu/files/files/monograph_xxii_-_manual_for_the_mn_satisfaction_questionnaire.pdf.
33.
WHO. (2006). The world health report 2006: Working together for health. [Online] Availabile at https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43432/9241563176_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
34.
WHO. (2020a). Archived: WHO Timeline - COVID-19. World Health Organization. [Online] Availabile at https://www.who.int/news/item/27-04-2020-who-timeline---covid-19.
35.
WHO. (2020b). Occupational health: Stress at the workplace. [Online] Availabile at https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/ccupational-health-stress-at-the-workplace