Change management in digital transformation: Evidence from traditional manufacturing enterprises in Tan Thoi Hiep Industrial Park, Ho Chi Minh City

This study investigates the implementation of change management during digital transformation in traditional manufacturing enterprises located in Tan Thoi Hiep Industrial Park, Ho Chi Minh City. Employing a qualitative multiple-case study approach, data were collected through 22 in-depth interviews with leaders, managers, and employees across three companies in the textile, packaging, and mechanical industries. The findings reveal that three human-related factors are critical for successful organizational change: (1) bridging the gap between strategic vision and actual implementation, (2) the pivotal mediating role of middle managers, and (3) the motivational effect of early short-term wins. The study underscores the central importance of leadership and human readiness in navigating digital transformation, highlighting that technology adoption alone is insufficient without aligning culture and behavior. This study provides empirical evidence on organizational change in the Vietnamese context and offers practical managerial implications for leadership, communication, and culture-building in the digital era.