Some limitations in regulations on extra teaching and learning

Extra teaching and learning are genuine demands in general education but also areas prone to coercion, excessive fees, conflicts of interest, and inequality in access. This study reviews the current legal framework, focusing on Circular No. 29/2024/TT-BGDĐT, Circular No. 19/2026/TT-BGDĐT, and Consolidated Document No. 04/VBHN-BGDĐT. It analyzes limitations in general regulations as well as in-school and out-of-school tutoring activities. Based on this analysis, the study proposes solutions related to resource allocation, transparency, quality control, conflict-of-interest prevention, and protection of learners’ rights.