State management of organic agricultural supply chains: Experiences from the European Union and Taiwan (China) and policy implications for Vietnam

Organic agricultural products are credence goods whose quality and authenticity depend heavily on reliable standards, certification, traceability, and public regulation. Using a four-pillar public governance framework, this study examines state management of organic agricultural supply chains in the European Union and Taiwan (China). Despite differences in market size, production structures, and development levels, both cases demonstrate the State’s decisive role in setting and harmonizing standards, supervising certification and quality control, supporting logistics and compliance infrastructure, and coordinating actors across the value chain. Drawing on these experiences, the study proposes policy implications for Vietnam, including improving organic standards, strengthening certification and traceability systems, developing specialized logistics, preliminary processing and preservation infrastructure, reducing compliance costs, and strengthening linkages among farmers, enterprises, distributors, and other supply-chain actors.