Improving the provisions of the Vietnamese Criminal Code on the production and trading of counterfeit goods in the digital economy

Amid the rapid development of the digital economy and e-commerce, the production and trading of counterfeit goods have become increasingly complex, creating significant challenges for criminal law enforcement. Using qualitative legal research, analysis, synthesis, and practical assessment, this study examines the relevant provisions of the Vietnamese Criminal Code. The findings reveal legal gaps in addressing offenses committed through digital platforms, particularly those involving high technology, electronic evidence, anonymous online accounts, and the responsibilities of intermediaries such as e-commerce platforms and social networks. The study recommends clarifying criminal acts committed in digital environments, improving procedures for collecting and validating electronic evidence, defining intermediary responsibilities, and strengthening coordination among enforcement authorities. These measures would improve the legal framework and enhance the prevention and prosecution of counterfeit-goods offenses in the digital economy.