Factors influencing investment decisions in education and vocational training following agricultural land acquisition in Hai Phong: A perspective from land law policy

Rapid urbanization in Hai Phong has generated significant livelihood challenges for landless farmers. Drawing on human capital theory (Becker, 1964) and the sustainable livelihood framework (DFID, 1999), this study employs a mixed approach combining legal normative analysis with empirical data from a survey of 132 households. The analysis examines the implications of the 2024 Land Law for the transition from one-off compensation payments toward investment in education and vocational training, in comparison with the Law on Land 2013. The findings reveal the presence of financial and psychological barriers, as well as gaps in policy implementation, that constrain the effectiveness of livelihood transformation. By integrating legal and empirical perspectives, the study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the challenges facing displaced households in the context of rapid urban development.