Tóm tắt
Australia - Vietnam economic cooperation has expanded steadily, supported by growing linkages in trade, investment, education, and labour mobility. As the relationship matures, human capital and people-based connections increasingly shape the effectiveness and resilience of bilateral engagement. This article conceptualizes transnational human capital - comprising diaspora networks, returnees, and alumni of Australian institutions - as a form of development infrastructure rather than a peripheral social asset. Drawing on relevant literature and policy frameworks, the analysis examines how mobile professionals enable skills circulation, knowledge transfer, cultural fluency, and institutional alignment across borders. Using Australia - Vietnam cooperation as a contextual case, the study shows how transnational human capital functions as a distributed system linking education, labour mobility, and economic partnership, thereby strengthening the long-term sustainability of bilateral economic cooperation.