Performance measurement for green supply chain management

Amid growing pressures from climate change, stringent regulations, and changing consumer awareness, green supply chain management (GSCM) has become a core strategy for maintaining competitiveness and sustainable development. However, establishing an effective performance measurement system (PMS) for GSCM remains challenging because of its complex, multi-tier, and inter-organizational nature. This study develops an integrated theoretical framework that systematizes the control factors, pressures, inputs, supporting tools, and outputs of GSCM/PMS. Drawing on theoretical and empirical studies, it examines the inter-organizational dimension of environmental performance measurement, introduces the application of ISO 14031 indicators through the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle, and clarifies the roles of ECOSCAN, AHP, the extended Balanced Scorecard, and DEA. The study also identifies major barriers to inter-organizational data sharing and proposes seven priority directions for future research.