Development of a nonlinear DC machine model in the Multisim SPICE environment by integrating magnetic characteristics
Published: August 11, 2026
Abstract
The default direct-current machine model in the NI Multisim software library is an ideal linear model that neglects phenomena such as magnetic saturation, residual flux, and iron losses. This limitation leads to considerable errors when simulating drive systems under operating conditions such as overload and self-excitation or when accurate energy-efficiency calculations are required. This study proposes a solution for developing an extended nonlinear behavioral model of a direct-current machine through a subcircuit structure using the SPICE language directly. Simulation results obtained in Multisim indicate that the proposed model operates stably and accurately reflects system behavior, thereby offering promising applications in electrical machine control-circuit design and specialized teaching.
Keywords
DC machineSPICE netlistmagnetic saturationresidual magnetismiron losses
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